How Diabetes Can Affect Your Skin

During the dry, winter months, it is normal to experience dry, flaky skin. For some, this is simply an inconvenience, but for diabetics, it may be a sign of more serious issues. Nerve damage, a common side effect of diabetes, can lead to dangerous skin conditions which are in turn aggravated by the cold weather. When serious diabetic skin issues arise, urgent care is required. The American Diabetes Association (link) notes that up to a third of all diabetics will experience a diabetes related skin problem in their lifetime. Below is a list of possible dermatologic disorders that are common to diabetics followed by specific tips for avoiding these potentially dangerous conditions.

• Intense itching: Especially common in the lower legs, itching can be caused by dryness, poor circulation, yeast infections, or a combination of these. To complicate things, diabetic nerve damage often results in decreased sweating, thus robbing the skin of natural moisture. When scratched, skin may crack and become infected. For this reason, it is best to resist scratching when possible.


• Infections: Bacterial and fungal infections can be very serious. Infections are most frequently experienced on the feet, but can also occur in skin folds (for example, under arms or breasts) or even in the mouth as Thrush. If you suspect skin infection seek treatment immediately.


• Necrobiosis: Insulin-resistant diabetics may develop red/purple spot-like lesions on their lower legs and feet known at necrobiosis. The spots can get as large as four inches in diameter. This is a rare condition and typically not dangerous, unless the lesions break open which can make them prone to infection. If a lesion does rupture, seek medical help immediately.


• Digital sclerosis: Some diabetics may develop thick, tight, “waxy” skin on their hands, feet, or neck. Though not dangerous, it is uncomfortable and is best treated with moisturizer and by bringing blood glucose to normal levels.


• Acanthosis nigricans: Insulin-resistant, obese diabetics may experience acanthosis nigricans which is characterized by thickened, "velvety" skin in skin folds. There is no known cure for this condition, though losing weight will often lessen symptoms.


• Diabetic dermopathy: Brown scaly patches on the shins and legs may indicate diabetic dermopathy, the most common diabetic dermatologic condition. This ailment typically develops in older diabetics and can be an indicator of other, more serious diabetic problems. For this reason, anyone suffering diabetic dermopathy should immediately visit their physician.


• Atherosclerosis: Typically the result of high blood pressure, atherosclerosis is the narrowing of blood vessels resulting in skin thinning, especially on the legs. Since thin skin is more delicate, this can lead to skin ruptures and possible infection. Most amputations are caused by atherosclerosis complications, so skin care and medical treatment is imperative.

Many of the before-mentioned conditions can be avoided or minimized with vigilant personal care. Keep skin clean and moisturized. Make it a point to examine your skin regularly for persistent or unusual symptoms. Avoid extremely hot baths, showers, or hot tubs. Use talcum powder in skin folds to prevent excess moisture. Do not smoke as smoking has been proven to worsen many of these skin conditions. Wear comfortable diabetic footwear and orthotic inserts to protect feet from wear and tear, and use gloves when gardening or doing rugged activities. Lastly, always see a medical professional whenever you experience a skin complication that concerns you.

Please note that this article is for informational purposes only and is not intended to diagnose or treat any medical condition, or be taken as medical advice. For more information related to your unique situation, please speak with your personal physician.

About the Author: MMAR Medical Group Inc. is a wholesale distributor of comfort footwear offering a wide selection of diabetic footwear and orthotic inserts. Please visit www.mmarmedical.com for more information.

Recommended Uses for Cervical Collars

A cervical collar or neck brace is an important orthopedic device that has several possible uses for spinal health. The following list is intended to serve as a quick reference point for appropriate usage of cervical collars, but it is critical to consult with your physician when determining whether a cervical collar will be beneficial for your specific condition.

• Traumatic neck or head injuries including fracture and dislocation. A cervical collar can be administered by medical professionals after a serious neck injury in order to stabilize the cervical area of an injured person’s spinal cord and skull. In this instance, the brace reduces the likelihood of spinal damage and subsequent paralysis or even death. The collar stabilizes the top seven vertebrae (C1 through C7) until a medical diagnosis can ascertain whether or not a risk is present.


• Recovery. A cervical collar can also be used during recovery from a traumatic neck or head injury or after a spinal surgery. The patient may be advised to wear the device until they are fully healed.


• Whiplash and therapeutic usage. Cervical collarsare sometimes used to treat chronic medical conditions related to the neck and spine area, including realigning the spinal cord and treating whiplash and sprains. Whiplash is the result of injury to the soft tissues found around the cervical spine and is typically caused by hyperextension or sudden rotation. Whiplash is most commonly treated with a soft cervical collar, though current research shows that recovery time is accelerated when treatment also includes physical therapy and exercise.


• Cervical radiculopathy. Disk herniation, tumors, and certain traumas can lead to nerve root damage causing cervical radiculopathy. In the past this condition was often corrected with surgery, but recent studies have shown that it can be successfully treated with a combination of cold therapy, rest, exercise and the use of a hard cervical collar. Again, this is something to be addressed by a physician, specifically one that specializes in spines.


• Neck pain. Neck pain is a highly enigmatic condition because of the complexity of the nervous system. It is difficult to always identify root causes and is thus complicated to treat. While the use of cervical collars is not routinely used for pain management, they are occasionally used under the supervision of a physician.

Note: This information is not intended to supplement or replace advice from a medical professional, or to diagnose or treat any condition.

About the Author: MMAR Medical Group Inc. is a leading diabetic shoes and supplies supplier, including socks for diabetics and orthotic insoles.

Treatments for Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis, also known as degenerative joint disease and degenerative arthritis, is the most common form of arthritis. It involves the breakdown of cartilage in the joints and is primarily found in older adults. Symptoms include aching, soreness, pain, bony enlargements in the center of a joint, and joint swelling. Osteoarthritis is most commonly experienced in weight bearing joints such as the knees and hips. It is typically the result of aging, but can be intensified by other factors such as heredity, injury, obesity, joint overuse, and stress. While there is no cure for Osteoarthritis, there are helpful treatments that and lessen the pain, increase mobility, and enhance the individual’s quality of life. The type of treatment an Osteoarthritis patient receives will vary depending on a myriad of factors. If you suspect you are experiencing Osteoarthritis, it is critical that you discuss your symptoms and treatment options with your personal physician to ensure you are getting the right treatment for your particular needs.

Most common treatments include:

• Physical therapy and exercise. A licensed physical therapist can advise you on specific muscle strengthening exercises that will help support ligaments and tendons and help alleviate pain.


• Supportive devices. Supportive devices increase mobility, prevent falls, and are great for pain relief. A hinged knee brace, can be used to stabilize ligaments and tendons which will significantly decrease pain, while devices like crutches or canes can lessen the direct stress on joints. When selecting a device, make sure it is lightweight, comfortable, and easy to adjust for a precise fit.


• Medication (oral or injected). Your doctor may prescribe you pain-relieving and/or anti-inflammatory medications which can help with Osteoarthritis management.


• Weight Control. Keeping your weight in a healthy range will reduce the stress on your joints.


• Hot or cold therapy. Hot or cold compresses can be administered to reduce pain and swelling.


• Removal of fluid. If excess fluid surrounds the joints, your physician may choose to drain that fluid manually in order to alleviate pressure on the joint.


• Alternative treatments. Some medical research concludes that glucosamine and chondrotin can rebuild cartilage, especially in the knee. There are also other (currently unproven) supplements that are also associated with Osteoarthritis treatment. Likewise, some people swear that acupuncture and bio-electric therapy alleviates pain, though there have not yet been any conclusive studies to support these claims.


• Surgery. If less invasive treatments prove ineffective, your doctor may recommend corrective surgery.



Note: This information is not intended to supplement or replace advice from a medical professional, or to diagnose or treat any condition.

About the Author: MMAR Medical Group Inc. is a leading diabetic shoe supplier. They also offer socks for diabetics as well as a full line of orthotic insoles.

Choosing the Best Diabetic Shoe

Diabetics often suffer foot-related ailments which can detract from their quality of life and lead to serious medical complications. It is strongly recommended that diabetics wear shoes specifically designed for their needs in order to avoid potential problems such as infection and even, in extreme cases, amputation. Specially designed diabetic shoes will decrease the likelihood of blisters and ulcers which can escalate into dangerous infections. Here are a few recommendations for selecting the diabetic shoe that’s right for you.

Step 1: Visit a podiatrist. All feet are unique. A qualified podiatrist can identify any foot irregularities that require special attention. They will be able to advise you on what type of shoe you require. Medicare will cover one pair of diabetic shoes and 3 sets orthotic inserts each calendar year. Talk with your doctor about the next steps for covering those costs.

Step 2: Look for comfort and support. Once you understand your particular needs, you can start shopping. The shoe you select should have the following features:

• Extra depth. Diabetic footwear should be deeper than standard shoes so that you can include custom insoles. Orthotic insoles are an integral part of diabetic foot care and, as mentioned earlier, are also covered by Medicare.


• Good ventilation. A proper diabetic shoe must be breathable. Moist heat is a breeding ground for bacteria and should be avoided at all costs.


• Seamless, lightweight construction. A heavy shoe with protruding seams can lead to irritation.


• Arch support. Shoes for diabetics must have proper arch support. This aids in weight distribution and alleviates pressure point pain.


• Room for your toes. Most diabetic shoes are available in different widths to accommodate all types of feet. The width of the shoe should fit the ball of your foot comfortably, while the shoe’s toe box should be high and durable to minimize stubbing.


• A perfect-fitting heel. The heel should be snug, not tight, to avoid excessive rubbing.


• Thick sole. Make sure your shoe has a thick sole to act as a shock absorber.


• Style. Just because you are diabetic, doesn’t mean you have to wear ugly shoes. Diabetic shoes are available in a wide variety of styles including sandals, loafers, casual dress, slippers, Mary Janes, walking, and running shoes. Choose a shoe that fits your style and personality.

Step 3: Get the right accessories. Be sure to stock up on seamless socks for diabetics and at least three sets of custom orthotic insoles. These critical accessories take your comfort to the highest level.

Step 4: Now get moving. Exercise is especially important to diabetics. Now that you have the right shoes, don’t be afraid to use them.

Note: This information is not intended to supplement or replace advice from a medical professional, or to diagnose or treat any condition.

About the Author: MMAR Medical Group Inc. is a leading diabetic shoe supplier specializing in diabetic footwear including shoes and socks for diabetics as well as a full line of orthotic insoles.

The Health Benefits of Custom Orthotic Insoles

Your gait (i.e. your style or way of walking) is of critical importance to your overall health and well-being. Everyone has a distinct way of walking that is dictated by body structure and external forces such as footwear and terrain. Walking is not merely a leg and foot activity; it involves movements of just about every aspect of your body, from your swinging arms and shoulders to the slight pivot of the hip. For this reason, your gait will not only affect your weight-bearing joints (ankles, knees and hips), but it can also impact your shoulders, neck and back.

The average person walks more than 2500 steps each day. If you have an incorrect gait, you are subjecting your entire body, from your ankles to your neck, to repetitive, potentially-harmful movements that can result in structural damage and pain. Many people are surprised to learn that the pain in their shoulders or back is the result of how they walk. The easiest and most effective way to correct an incorrect gait is through custom orthotic insoles. The right insole will not only improve your posture, but it can also significantly decrease pain and discomfort.

How do you select an orthotic that is right for you? There are a lot of prefabricated orthotic insoles out there, but not all insoles are created equal. Most foot specialists agree each that custom orthotics will provide the greatest health benefits, especially when pain management is the primary concern. Foam is frequently used to create an impression of the foot. From that impression an orthotics specialist can create orthotic inserts that fit your unique feet perfectly. It never ceases to amaze me how many people find remarkable improvement when they find the right orthotic insole. If you are suffering from chronic joint, back, shoulder or hip pain, it is certainly worth exploring how you might benefit from a custom orthotic insert.

About the Author: MMAR Medical Group Inc. is a wholesale medical supplier specializing in diabetic footwear including orthotic inserts. Please visit www.mmarmedical.com for more information.

Understanding and Treating Contractures

Contracture (also known as joint or muscle contracture) is the shortening of a muscle or tendon which results in moderate to severe restricted range of motion (ROM.) It is often found in the ankle-foot, hip, knee, elbow, and wrist- hand-finger areas of the body. A contracture can develop for many reasons, but the primary causes are stroke and prolonged immobilization such as bed rest. Stroke victims are particularly vulnerable as attacks are often followed by significant muscle weakness and spastic muscle contractions. Contracture can also be caused by neurological complications, birth defect, deformity, and burn scarring.

The principal symptom of contracture is loss of normal movement which can impede daily activities. It can also be quite painful and cause the skin to breakdown. For these reasons, it is critical to prevent contracture when possible and proactively treat contracture when diagnosed. Thankfully, proper contracture management can significantly improve the afflicted individual’s quality of life.

Contracture treatments vary and depend on the individual’s unique situation. Joint immobilization and stretching can help in some situations. In others, pre-fabricated contracture management devices and physical therapy may be required. Stroke victims can particularly benefit from the use of orthotics such as braces or splints. When selecting a contracture management orthotic, it is important to make sure that the device is both comfortable and user-friendly. Many of today’s devices are engineered so that they can be easily adjusted for a custom fit or disassembled for washing. Soft cushioning and a comfortable fit will help to prevent skin damage, a common complication of contracture treatment. The contracture management device should also offer sturdy hinges that support the full range of motion. In some instances heat therapy can be used in conjunction with a splint or brace as it allows for greater elasticity in the soft tissues. Occasionally surgical intervention is required, but for the majority of patients, contracture management devices are a less invasive and more convenient option. Those with a predisposition towards contractures, such as individuals with palsy, may also benefit from preventative measures such as strategic stretching, muscle engagement, and the use of orthotic devices such as braces or splints.

To find out more about contracture treatment options, speak to your physician or orthopedic specialist/surgeon.

Note: This information is not intended to supplement or replace advice from a medical professional, or to diagnose or treat any condition.

About MMAR Medical Group: MMAR Medical Group Inc. is a supplier of orthopedic medical products including a wide selection of braces and supports. To find a quality hinged knee brace, wrist brace, lumbar brace or other quality brace, please visit www.mmarmedical.com.

Diabetic Foot Care

Approximately one fifth of diabetics are hospitalized for foot problems. There are many unfortunate factors that contribute to this. Diabetics endure an increased build up of calluses which can thicken and break, leading to ulcers. Poor circulation impairs the diabetic’s ability to fight infection and heal. To further complicate this, diabetics frequently experience nerve damage which can diminish sensation; they may not even realize an injury has occurred. Even simple injuries such as minor cuts and scratches can become infected when they go unnoticed. In severe situations, these infections may require antibiotics, hospitalization, and even amputation. For this reason, it is of critical importance that diabetics practice rigorous foot care. The following is a recommended list of care procedures that will help keep diabetic feet healthy.

• Never ignore foot irritation of any kind.
• Wash your feet every day with warm water but do not soak them. Test the water heat with your elbow to ensure you do not burn your feet.
  
• If the skin on your feet is dry, use lotion, but be careful not to put lotion between your toes as the area can breed bacteria.
  
• After washing your feet, file calluses and corns down gently with an emery board.
  
• Trim your toenails once a week (or as needed) after you shower. Shape the nail around the toes, careful not to cut too short. File the edges to prevent snagging and tearing.
  
• Check your feet every day for sores, blisters, cuts, redness, irritation, calluses or other issues. If you cannot reach your feet, use a mirror or have a trusted friend or family member check for you.
  
• Always wear shoes or slippers. Never walk around bare foot.
  
• Choosing the right diabetic footwear is critical as most diabetic foot ailments are the direct result of poor fitting shoes. You should always wear shoes that fit correctly. They should not be too tight or allow your foot to slide around. High heels and pointed toes should be avoided whenever possible. Breathable fabrics such as leather and canvas along with mesh vents help to prevent bacteria-friendly environments. Always use stocking or socks which help to stave off blisters. There are even special seamless socks for diabetics which further minimize the potential for irritation.
• Again – it’s worth repeating - never ignore foot irritation of any kind. Tell your doctor immediately if you notice any issues. Warning signs include swelling, pain in your legs, cracks (especially around the heel), corns or calluses that bleed, nail issues, open sores, changes in color of the skin, and changes in skin temperature.
  
• Even if injury free, visit your doctor for an annual foot check-up or as recommended by a medical professional.

Please note that this article is for informational purposes only and is not intended to diagnose or treat any medical condition, or be taken as medical advice. For more information related to your unique situation, please speak with your personal physician.

About MMAR Medical Group: MMAR Medical Group Inc. is a wholesale distributor of comfort footwear offering a wide selection of shoes for diabetics as well as custom made orthotics. Please visit www.mmarmedical.com for more information.

Heat Therapy for Pain Relief

Heat therapy has long been used as a remedy for muscle stiffness, aches and pains. Heat therapy simply refers to the application of either dry or moist heat to the affected area for a designated time period. Heating pads, hot water bottles, instant hot packs and even hot baths can be used to alleviate muscle or joint pain.

Over-exertion and strain are common causes of muscle pain and discomfort. Heat should never be applied to a new injury that exhibits swelling, but it can be effective as a remedy for chronic muscle or joint pain. If your pain is chronic, your doctor may recommend heat therapy for relief.

Even without experiencing muscle or joint pain, you may have noticed that a soak in a hot bath or spending time in a sauna seems to make your muscles feel relaxed. This is because heat dilates the blood vessels, allowing for better blood flow in the areas where the heat is applied. Similarly, heat can be applied to areas of mild to severe muscular pain to relax muscle tissue, promote blood flow and help alleviate pain.

One great aspect of heat therapy is that it can be applied easily and inexpensively from home. However, precautions should be taken to ensure that heat is appropriate for the type of pain you have and to prevent burns to the skin. As a general rule heat should not be applied for more than about a half hour, and not at all if you have certain health conditions, so be sure to check with your doctor for recommendations on the appropriate heat therapy for your situation.

Newer innovations in heat therapy include the VitalWrap® hot and cold therapy system, which provides hot, cold and compression therapy capabilities into one piece of equipment. The user of this system can control temperature settings to deliver hot or cold therapy to the affected part of the body.

Heat therapy should not be used for all types of pain, so consulting with a doctor to determine whether you should heat vs. ice and of your injuries or chronic pain.

Note: This information is not intended to supplement or replace advice from a medical professional, or to diagnose or treat any condition.

About MMAR Medical Group: MMAR Medical Group Inc. is a leading orthotic device supplier specializing in diabetic footwear including socks and shoes for diabetics as well as a full line of orthotic insoles.

What is Blood Pressure?

It is checked every time you visit the doctor, but exactly what is blood pressure?

Blood pressure is a vital sign that refers to the amount of force imposed on the walls of the arteries by circulating blood. When the heart beats, pumping blood into the arteries, blood pressure is at its highest point. This highpoint is called systolic blood pressure. The point of the lowest amount of pressure on the artery walls, which occurs between heartbeats, is called the diastolic pressure. Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and is expressed using both the systolic and diastolic pressure readings. An example of a normal blood pressure may be 120/80 mmHg, which is expressed verbally as "120 over 80." The top number represents the systolic pressure, while the bottom number represents the diastolic pressure.

Periodic blood pressure checks are important because there are often no symptoms to indicate blood pressure problems. Blood pressure in an individual varies throughout any given day, and is lowest during sleep or rest. High blood pressure, called hypertension, puts strain on the heart to work harder and carries increased risk of other complications such as stroke and heart failure. The exact cause of high blood pressure is unknown in most cases, but some risk factors are genetics (family history of hypertension), obesity, smoking, stress and a sedentary lifestyle. Low blood pressure could also be reason for concern as it could indicate underlying health problems.

Today, easy to use digital blood pressure monitors make it easy for people to check their own blood pressure at home. These are helpful devices for people who are working to manage their blood pressure through diet or medication and need regular readings. Consulting with a medical professional is important if any abnormalities in blood pressure are observed through home readings. High or low blood pressure is cause for additional testing to detect or rule out underlying conditions.

Note: This information is not intended to supplement or replace advice from a medical professional, or to diagnose or treat any condition.

About MMAR Medical Group: MMAR Medical Group Inc. is a supplier of orthopedic medical products including a wide selection of braces and supports. For quality cervical collars, a wide elbow brace selection and other quality braces, please visit www.mmarmedical.com.

Relief from Plantar Fasciitis Pain

Caused by tears and inflammation in the plantar fascia, a band of shock absorbent ligament connecting the toes to the heel, plantar fasciitis causes heel pain that can range from mild to debilitating. A characteristic symptom of this condition is noticeable heel pain when taking the first steps in the morning or upon standing after sitting for an extended period. Pain is also typically worse after prolonged periods of standing or when shoes with inadequate support are worn.

Usually the discomfort caused by plantar fasciitis can be alleviated without resorting to surgery or cortisone shots. While different treatments for plantar fasciitis work best for different people, some common recommendations for controlling plantar fasciitis pain are:

• Rest. The first course of action recommended for alleviating the pain of plantar fasciitis is usually to rest. Removing weight from the affected foot or feet allows the inflammation to subside.
• Icing the area. Icing the area several times per day is known to alleviate plantar fasciitis pain for some.
• Physical therapy or stretching exercises. Specific stretches such as towel stretches can be done to relieve heel pain associated with plantar fasciitis. Your medical professional can provide information on stretches that are safe and effective for your situation.
• Weight management. Being overweight places excess strain on the plantar fascia and can contribute to plantar fasciitis, so weight management may be recommended as a part of a treatment regimen for plantar fasciitis.
• Orthotics. Wearing shoes with improper support is a common culprit for plantar fasciitis pain. Properly fitted orthotic insoles provide arch support and can help alleviate this pain.
• Anti-inflammatory medications. Non steroidal anti-inflammatory medications such as ibuprofen provide temporary relief for some dealing with the pain of plantar fasciitis.
• Night splints. Many plantar fasciitis sufferers experience relief from wearing night splints while they sleep. These specialized splints hold the foot in a position that prevents the plantar fascia from tightening during sleep.

Early detection and treatment of plantar fasciitis can prevent its symptoms from worsening. If you experience undiagnosed heel pain, visiting a doctor sooner than later is advised. Because conditions other than plantar fasciitis can cause heel pain, a proper diagnosis is the first step to pain relief.

About MMAR Medical Group: MMAR Medical Group Inc. is a supplier of orthopedic medical products including a wide selection of braces and supports. For quality cervical collars, a wide elbow brace selection and other quality braces, please visit www.mmarmedical.com.